Publications of Jenne, EK

Book review: Ethnicity and electoral politics

The article reviews the book "Ethnicity and Electoral Politics" by Jóhanna Kristón Birnir.

People power : ethnic reintegration as a method of conflict management

Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association 48th Annual Convention, Hilton Chicago, CHICAGO, IL, USA, Feb 28, 2007This paper explores the record of ethnic reintegration—the use of refugee return and property restitution to recreate multi-ethnic states in post-conflict settings—in the cases of post-conflict Bosnia, Croatia, Macedonia and Kosovo. I aim to determine the overall success of this technique in reestablishing civic identities in divided societies. An evaluation of these cases suggests that the success of this strategy requires a considerable commitment on the part of third parties. There appear to be three principal factors that account for variation in success: (1) the use of coercion to return minorities to majority communities, (2) speedy intervention in the post-conflict period, and (3) a compliant host government. The difficulty of securing these conditions should serve as a warning against entering into such programs lightly. However, given the expressed desire of the international community to avoid the alternative solution (ethnic partition), a concerted effort to achieve these conditions may be well worth the effort.

The roads not taken : alternatives to ethnic partition in Bosnia and Kosovo

Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Town & Country Resort and Convention Center, San Diego, California, USA, Mar 22, 2006This paper explores the history of outside intervention, specifically coerced partition (implementing segregationist institutions through force), in the cases of Bosnia and Kosovo in the 1990s. The aim is to determine the overall success of this technique in consolidating peace and promoting multi-ethnic democracy in divided societies. The effectiveness of coerced partition is, on this evidence, discouraging at best. In Bosnia, implementing consociational institutions that tie ethnicity to territory has had the paradoxical effect of reifying the divide between the three groups, impeding refugee return, and preventing the emergence of inter-ethnic political cooperation. In Kosovo, the de facto ethnic partition of the protectorate from Serbia proper has further segmented Kosovar inhabitants along ethnic lines, hindered refugee return, and created a climate of insecurity among ethnic Serbs. This paper argues that alternative methods of mediation (mostly in the realm of preventive diplomacy) existed at every stage of both conflicts. Moreover, since the external actors ultimately used coercion to achieve peace in both cases, integrationist institutions might have been imposed in Bosnia and Kosovo to divorce ethnicity from territory and thereby develop truly multi-ethnic democracies.

Rebels and scapegoats : two logics of minority repression

Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC, Sep 01, 2005 The article examines why a state will target some minorities for political exclusion, but not others. Quiescent minorities suffer just as much, if not more, political repression as rebellious minorities, according to large-N analysis of minority repression in the 1990s. It suggested that there are two distinct logics of minority repression, one that applies to rebel groups and the other that applies to quiescent minorities.

Scapegoats and rebels : an MAR analysis of problem minorities in post-communist Europe

Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Mar 17, 2004.The paper combines family system theory with Susan Fiske's social psychology work on power and stereotypes to argue that minorities enact roles on the state level that mimic roles found in the nuclear family. The model is used to generate and test tentative hypotheses concerning why, in a single state, some minorities radicalize whereas others do not; and why some minorities experience repression, while others remain relatively unmolested.